A STUDY OF CLINICAL, BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE AND COMPLICATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH LEAN TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS

Abstract

Background: Although obesity and higher waist circumference are predisposing factors for diabetes and complications, the lean type of diabetes mellitus with a BMI of <19 kg/m2 is increasing in India. The current study evaluated lean type 2 diabetes mellitus for the clinical, biochemical parameters, and complications. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at the Diabetes Centre, KLES Dr Prabhakar Kore Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Belagavi- India. A total of n=875 patients were identified with type 2 DM, out of which n=302 were lean diabetes mellitus (BMI<19 kg/m2 ) and n=573 were identified as non-lean Diabetes mellitus with BMI > 19 Kg/m2 . Results: A positive family history of diabetes was noted in 21.85% of lean type 2 DM cases. The mean fasting blood sugar levels of lean type 2 DM was 182.96 ± 9.8 mg/dl versus nonlean DM cases with mean FBS 184.07 ± 11.3 mg/dl. The Post-prandial blood glucose in lean type 2 DM was 278.34 mg/dl compared to 250.85 mg/dl in non-lean type 2 DM cases. The incidence of macrovascular complications in 19.53 % of all cases and microvascular complications were in 7.28% of cases. Conclusion: There is a considerable prevalence of lean type 2 DM in our population. These patients’ clinical presentation and profile are likely to differ from expected or obese type 2 DM cases. It appears that lean type 2 DM cases suffer from severe hyperglycemia and complications.