ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE IN PATIENT WITH ASTHMA EXACERBATION IN SULAYMANIYAH CITY

Abstract

Asthma exacerbating is a common respiratory disorder in which the patient experiences severe asthma
symptoms airways will be narrowed or swollen, making breathing difficult. As a result, the asthmatic patient uses
many medications. To detect electrolyte disturbance in patients with severe asthma and determine its association
with the medications used. A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Sulaimaniyah Internal Emergency Hospital
from June 2020 to December 2021 on fifty patients between sixteen and eighty years old who were previously
diagnosed with asthma. The patients were sampled using Cochran's formula. Research tools consisted of venous
blood tests and demographic information of the patients, including the medications they used. Ethical Community
College of Medicine, University of Sulaimani approved the study protocol.
Fifty patients were surveyed in this study; their age range was 18 to 80 years old, %40 of patients were
males, 60% were females, the youngest was 18, and the oldest was 80 years old. Chi-square test results show that
asthmatic patients who used oral steroid hyponatremia associated with electrolyte imbalance were 35%, and those
who used oral steroid hypokalemia were 58% patients (p<0.05). The most significant electrolyte imbalance among
patients was hyponatremia (23%), in which 739% of patients used aminophylline, and 87% of patients used
montelukast. Electrolyte disturbances were more common in patients with severe asthma. The most frequent
electrolyte disorders in asthmatic patients were hypomagnesemia, hypocalcemia, and hypokalemia, hyponatremia.