GATA 3 Expression in Locally Advanced Breast Cancer and its Association with Prognostic Markers

Abstract

Background
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in Indian women, with a mortality rate of 12.7 per
100,000 women and an age adjusted incidence of up to 25.8 per 100,000 women. The breast
cancer projection for India in 2020 predicts a potential occurrence of up to 1,797,900 cases. (1)
Breast cancer incidence peaks in the 40–50 years age group in Indian women. Most of these
cancers are HER2 positive and ER/PR negative, or triple negative, with poor prognosis.(2)In
developing nations, the majority of breast cancer cases are detected at an advanced stage, and
50% of patients undergoing certain treatments have locally advanced breast cancer (3) The
current methods of treatment consist of surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and hormonal
therapy. Hormone treatment is determined by the tumor tissue's hormone receptor (ER, PR)
status.
The objective of this study is to establish a relationship between expression of
conventional hormone receptors and HER-2/neu status and GATA 3 expression. this study also
aims to find associations if any between GATA 3 expression and AJCC 8th edition prognostic
staging.
Methods
This prospective study included 30 locally advanced breast cancer patients admitted to KR
Hospital Mysuru (Mysore) from September 2022 to March 2024. Age, gender, lump duration,
parity, and clinical stage were recorded, BIRADS score, pathological type, stage, grade, ER,
PR, and HER2/Neu status were determined. The AJCC 8th edition breast carcinoma staging
guidelines were used for clinical, pathological, and prognostic staging. Postoperative
histopathological Parafin blocks were stained with GATA 3 on microarray slides. Data was
tabulated and coded in Microsoft® Excel before IBM® SPSS ver18.0 statistical analysis.