STUDY OF ASSOCIATED COMORBIDITIES AND MICROVASCULAR/ MACROVASCULAR COMPLICATIONS IN DIABETIC PATIENTS ATTENDING A TERTIARY CARE CENTER

Abstract

Background: The chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes is associated with long-term damage, dysfunction and failure of various organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. Present study was aimed to study associated comorbidities and microvascular/ macrovascular complications in diabetic patients attending a tertiary care center. Material and Methods: Present study was Cross sectional study, conducted in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes mellitus or newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus patients. Results: In present study regarding the eGFR maximum patients 47 (46.54%) were in stage III-B (G3a) followed by 37 (36.63%) were in stage IV (G4), 9 (8.91%) were in stage 5 (G5) and 8 (7.92%) in stage III-A (G3b) of chronic kidney disease. Data revealed that majority of patient’s eGFR was moderately decreased. Majority of patients 93 (92.08%) lies in very high risk as per KDIGO classification and remaining 8 (7.92%) were at high risk. In present study out of 101 patients 48 (47.52%) had retinopathy. Among the 48 cases of retinopathy maximum patients 43 (89.58%) were having non- proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NDRP) followed by 4 (8.33%) were having mixed NDRP/PDR and single case was having proliferative retinopathy. Majority 81 (80.20%) not having neuropathy and 20 (19.80%) had neuropathy. Regarding macrovascular complication majority of patients 30 (29.70%) had unstable angina followed by myocardial infarction in 25 (24.75%), Heart failure in 18 (17.82%) and 15 (14.85%) had stroke. In present study maximum patients 97 (96.04%) were discharged and 4 (3.96%) were died during the study period. Further data reveals significant correlation between stages of CKD with outcome as p<0.05. Maximum mortality was seen in progressive stage of CKD.