A Comparison Between Dexmedtomidine and Esmolol for attenuation of stress response to direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation

Abstract

Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation is commonly associated with hemodynamic changes due to reflex sympathetic stimulation. The hemodynamic changes are usually transitory, variable and unpredictable and are probably of no consequence in healthy individuals, but may be hazardous to those with history of pre-eclampsia, hypertension, cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases.