Systematic Review Article: Effects of Long-Term Fasting and Caloric Restriction on Physiological and Metabolic Functions.

Abstract

Long-term fasting (LTF) and caloric restriction (CR) have garnered increasing interest as interventions 
that may confer numerous health benefits, including improved metabolic health, enhanced 
cardiovascular function, neuroprotection, and extended longevity. The potential to influence 
physiological processes such as insulin sensitivity, lipid metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress, 
and cellular repair mechanisms makes these interventions promising avenues for both disease 
prevention and health optimization. This systematic review examines the body of research surrounding 
LTF and CR, their physiological impacts, the molecular mechanisms driving these changes, and the 
challenges and risks associated with their long-term application. We also explore future rese