To Evaluate various anthropometric measurements and lipid profile in newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients

Abstract

Backgeound: India has now earned the title of being the "diabetic capital of the world," with a staggering number of over 30 million individuals afflicted with diabetes. Coronary artery disease stands out as the most significant vascular complication among diabetics. Plasma cholesterol levels serve as robust predictors of cardiovascular events in both diabetic
and non-diabetic individuals with coronary heart disease. Type 2 diabetes is linked to a centralized and disharmonious distribution of fat. The most used measure is the Body Mass Index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR).
Objectives: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the utility of three of the most used anthropometric measures – Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Waist-to Height Ratio (WHtR) – to assess and correlate various Anthropometric parameters and lipid profile patterns in patients of newly diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Methodology: This cross-sectional study included newly diagnosed T2DM patients aged between 20 and 60 years, recruited from patients attending Medicine Department, Maharaja Agrasen hospital, Punjabi Bagh, Delhi over a period of one year from March 2018 to March 2019. The anthropometric measurements and physical examination findings were recorded at the same time. The blood sample (venous) was taken after overnight fasting (≥10 h) for biochemical analysis. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 (IBM, USA).
Results: A total of 130 cases were studied in the present study. Mean age was found to be 41.8±10.84 years. Male: female ratio was found to be 1.28:1. Mean BMI was found to be 29.63 Kg/m2. Waist circumference had mean value equal to 91.86 cm; while hip circumference had mean value 102.89 cm. Mean waist to hip ratio (WHR) was found to be 0.89. Mean total
cholesterol level was found to be 210 mg/dl. LDL and HDL had mean values 152.23 and 54.20 respectively. The correlation between BMI and TC, LDL and HDL was found to be significant statistically. A significant correlation was seen between TC and fasting blood glucose levels with p value 0.0133. Positive correlation coefficient suggests a positive relationship between TC and FBG levels.
Conclusion: The results of our study demonstrate a significant correlation between lipid profile and BMI in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Moreover, we observed a significant rise in fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels, which are directly associated with body mass index. Also, the study revealed notable correlations between lipid profiles and
various anthropometric and clinical factors, suggesting that poor glycemic control and lifestyle habits have an impact.