THE EFFECT OF ANTIBIOTIC , BACTERIOPHAGE , LAWSONIA INERMIS (HENNA ) AND NIGELLA SATIVA EXTRACTS ON STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS AND THEIR EFFECT ON VIRULENCE GENE EXPRESSION.

Abstract

The rise and spread of antibiotic resistant, just as the advancement of new strains of sickness causing
agents, are of incredible worry to the worldwide wellbeing local area. Compelling treatment of an infection
involves the advancement of new drugs or some expected wellspring of novel medications. The over use of
antibiotics created a multidrug resistant bacteria which make researches to find another way to control on
multidrug resistant bacteria . Bacteriophage is considered one of the most newly way used as a treatment
against multidrug resistant bacteria . Also utilized therapeutic plants of our local area could be an amazing
source of medications to block this issue. This study is focused around controlling of Methicillin resistant
staphylococcus aureus bacteria which isolated from nose patient’s by using both of bacteriophage and
plant extract. The antimicrobial ability of two different plant extracts was screened against twenty
pathogenic microorganisms. Our study designed to demonstrate the antimicrobial activity of an aqueous
Henna (Lawsonia inermis) and Nigella sativa extracts against Methicillin – resistant staphylococcus aureus
.The antibacterial potential of both herbs was checked by agar diffusion method and minimum inhibitory
concentration (MIC) assay. Four isolates of staphylococcus aureus (S.aureus) were inhibited by both
extracts. The MIC values of Henna extract ranges ( 0.5 – 8 µg/ml ) less than MIC for Nigella sativa (1 – 8
µg/ml ) against MRSA . PCR examination demonstrated that all S.aureus carried the hlg (hemolysin) and
icaA ( intracellular adhesion ) genes . Real – time Rt-PCR assays were measured to impact on the
harmfulness qualities. Henna( Lawsonia inermis) and Nigella sativa concentrates can be utilized as
antimicrobial specialists against S.aureus .