REPELLENCY AND SMOKE TOXIC EFFECT OF FIVE COMMON INDIGENOUS WEEDS AGAINSTANOPHELES SUBPICTUS, AEDES AEGYPTI,AND CULEX QUINQUEFASCIATUS

Abstract

Transmitted by mosquitoes, vector-borne diseases such as Malaria, Filariosis and Dengue had an enhance in the global mortality rate due to increase in resistance of
mosquitoes towards the commercial insecticides.Leaf extracts can produce the knock-down effect and smoke toxicity, the aim of the study is to evaluate such effects of five
common indigenous weeds, i.e. Lantanacamara Linn., Cassia alata Linn, Zephyranthes minuta (Kunth) D.Dietr, Ocimum gratissimum Linn., & Parthenium hysterophorus
Linn. against three mosquito species, namely of Anopheles subpictus, Aedes aegypti and Culex quinquefasciatus.The plants extract were formulated individually at
concentration range 50mg,100mg &150mg and in combination with supportive ingredients such as filler, binder, burning agent, adhesives, smell enhancer etc.This aspect of
the mortality rate is depending on the amount of dose administered. Efficacy against the mosquitoes tested for mosquito repellent activity with ethanol solvent extracts was
found to be statistically significant. The results of the smoke toxicity and repellency tests were quite positive.Results of analysis showed that formulation containing extract of
L.Camara, O. gratissimum, & P.hysterophorus have the most promising activity exhibiting 79-95% repellency as compared to other repellent preparation that made of
individual extract of plant leave. The combinations showed prolonged burning and repellency both as compared to other formulations. The Mosquito coils prepared from the
combination extract of all plantsexhibited 89%-100% mortality for 60 min time intervals. As the coils were prepared with combination of different ingredients, the results
obtained in control 2 and commercial coil containing d-Trans Allethrin are almost equivalent. In this study, almost all the formulations used herbal and environmentally
friendly ingredients. Since, there is no inhalation side effect. For texture, effectiveness and stability, etc., the same formulations were assessed