A STUDY ON PROFILE OF CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Abstract

Background : Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are one of the leading cause of death and disabilities in the world.
The global burden of deaths due to CAD has been estimated as 7.4 million. Indian subcontinent has the highest
burden of CAD in the world accounting for the maximum morbidity from CAD. It has been noted that Indian
population are at a higher risk of developing CAD at an earlier age and hence it is of paramount importance to
gather data on CAD profile of the Indian population.
Objective : To study the clinical profile of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) cases in the Indian population and
compare trends with respect to risk factors and outcome.
Methodology : Case based retrospective cross sectional study was done. Study population included all complete
case sheets with the diagnosis of CAD over the years 2010-11 and 2015-16. Information from prerecorded case
sheets were entered into a structured data collection sheet which was further analyzed using SPSS version 20.
Results were expressed in percentages, means and graphs.
Results: The study included 373 CAD patients. Majority of patients fell within the age bracket of 55-65yrs with a
means age of 58.74±12.84yrs. Amongst the study population 28.68% patients were females and 71.31%were males.
A decreasing mean age was observed from the years 2010-11 and 2015-16. Similarly trend was noted with respect to
sex based incidence of CAD over the years where the percentage of female population affected rose from 25.8% to
32%. 24.3% of patients were found to be diabetic and 38.2% were found to be hypertensive. About 40.2% were
smokers and 34.4% were alcoholics.
Conclusion : Our study population showed congruence with the established trends of conventional risk factors but
Diabetes mellitus tends to be of more importance as a modifiable risk factor. This warrants more robust public
health intervention to raise awareness and implement practices that could potentially reduce the risk of CAD
burden