AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY ON DERMATOLOGICAL CHANGES IN A COHORT OF CKD PATIENTS

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), also known as chronic renal failure (CRF), is a
progressive loss of renal function over a period of months or years. Chronic kidney disease is
divided into 5 stages of increasing severity. Each stage is a progression through an abnormally
decreasing and deteriorating glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which is usually determined indirectly
by the serum creatinine level. Nonspecific skin manifestations are found in over half of all end-stage
renal disease (ESRD) patients. Among the most common of these are pigmentary change, nail
changes, and xerosis/ichthyosis. Specific changes associated with the etiology of renal failure are
also common, including changes associated with diabetes, connective tissue disorders, and genetic
disorders such as Fabry disease
Aim and Objectives: The study will try to find out incidence of dermatological changes in patients
of Chronic Kidney Disease(CKD).
Materials and Methods: The is a prospective, observational study conducted on patients with
chronic kidney disease, both hospitalized patients and those visiting outpatient department (OPD) of
ICARE Institute of Medical Sciences & Research & Dr. Bidhan Chandra Roy Hospital, Haldia.
Patient having stable renal function were selected in the case study, that means patient with CKD
stage 3 onwards but without any AKI component were the study population. Those having rapid
change in renal parameters, i.e, AKI on CKD were not selected.
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
Our study found that 60(55.6%) patients had no skin changes and 48(44.4%) patients had skin
changes. We found that 34 (31.5%) patients had Pruritus, 28 (25.9%) patients had
hyperpigmentation, 8(7.4%) patients had hypopigmentation. 18 (16.7%) patients had excoriation, 26
(24.1%) patients had Xeosis, 17(15.7%) patients had Icthyosis, 2(1.9%) patients had SPG, 2(1.9%)
patients had YSH, 17(15.7%) patients had PD, 3(2.8%) patients had P & E, no patient had PCT,
7(6.5%) patients had ASD-ASS, no patient had CALPHXS, no patient had NFD.
It was found that 25(23.1%) patients had HHN, 4(3.7%) patients had AL, 10(9.3%) patients had
KOILNCH, 9(8.3%) patients had ONCHOLSS, no patient had B/F N, no patient had Beau's LNS,no patient had Clubbing, no patient had LR, 4(3.7%) patients had OMCSIS, 4(3.7%) patients had
OMCSIS, 1(0.9%) patients had SUNHKRS, 1(0.9%) patients had TOL LKNK, no patient had
SPLHRG, 3(2.8%) patients had PPND, no patient had ONCDYST, no patient had ONCORXS and
no patient had MUE LN.