Foeto-Maternal Outcome of Twin Pregnancy

Abstract

Background
Twin pregnancy is the most common multiple gestation in clinical practice. Timely
management by specialist and improvement in neonatal care facilities improve the outcome of
twin pregnancy. Studies show that the risk of miscarriage, preeclampsia, polyhydramnios,
preterm labor, abnormal vascular communication, fetal malformation, discordant fetal growth,
cord complications, still birth, increased rate of cesarean section, abnormal iron and folic acid
deficiency anemia, postpartum hemorrhage and maternal death were higher in multifetal
pregnancy compared to singleton pregnancy. In this study we wanted to evaluate the
fetomaternal outcome in twin pregnancy.
Methods
This cross-sectional study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology,
RIMS (Regional Institute of Medical Sciences), Imphal. This study was conducted on all the
cases of twin pregnancies admitted in the Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, RIMS,
Imphal. All eligible participants were selected consecutively. History and clinical examination,
along with obstetric and fetal parameters, were recorded.
Results
After adjusting for factors, the result shows that compared to primiparous mothers, mothers
with parity 1 and 2 or more were 79 and 94 percent less likely to give birth to both twins with
low birthweight, respectively, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (p =
0.020 and 0.001).
Conclusions
The most common maternal complications of twin pregnancy are hyperemesis gravidarum,
preterm labor, hypertensive disorder, and PROM. While observing the adverse outcomes, the
risk factors that had a significant effect on preterm birth and low birth weight were booking
status, literacy, parity, type of placenta, presentation of fetuses, preterm labor and the presence
of polyhydramnios.