To determine the efficacy of dexmedetomidine, used intraoperatively as an adjunct, in attenuation of emergence agitation in oral and nasal surgeries while using desflurane for maintenance of general anaesthesia

Abstract

Background: Patients undergoing oral and nasal surgeries are at high risk of developing emergence 
agitation. We hypothesised that a single dose of dexmedetomidine would reduce emergence agitation in 
adults during nasal or oral surgery. 
Methods: This prospective, observational study was undertaken in the Department of Anaesthesiology 
and Critical Care, between January 2022 and December 2023 for a period of 2 years. All the relevant 
parameters were documented in a structured study proforma. Patients who are to undergo nasal and oral 
surgeries under GA were enrolled in the study. Anaesthesia was induced with Propofol 1.0-2.0 mg/kg, 
Fentanyl 1 mcg/kg and Vecuronium 0.1mg/kg for Endotracheal intubation. Anaesthesia was maintained 
with 50% Air-50% O2 and Desflurane with the MAC of 0.8-1%. These participants were divided into 
two groups. Group D received Dexmedetomidine @ 0.3mcg/kg/hour 5 minutes before induction and 
stopped at the time of reversal. Group C received NS @ 20ml/hour 5 minutes before induction and 
stopped at the time of reversal. Before giving premedication, patients were observed for basal heart rate 
(HR), basal Non-invasive blood pressure (NIBP) and Pulse oximetry (SpO2).