Clinical Profiling of Cholelithiasis Patients at a Tertiary Care Facility: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Cholelithiasis represents a persistent, recurrent condition affecting the hepatobiliary system. Globally, gallstones stand as a primary contributor to both morbidity and mortality. Approximately 10% of adults grapple with gallstones, a prevalence exacerbated by recent shifts in dietary patterns. This investigation endeavours to assess demographic variables, diverse presentation modalities, treatment methodologies, and subsequent outcomes. Methodology: A prospective analysis involving 123 patients diagnosed with cholelithiasis was conducted over one year. Parameters such as epidemiological factors, clinical profiles,
diagnostic investigations, treatment modalities, and outcomes were meticulously scrutinized.
Results: The average age of the cohort was 36.95 years, with a female-to-male ratio of 1.41:1. Predominantly, pain in the abdomen emerged as the most prevalent symptom. Ultrasonography consistently revealed the presence of gallbladder stones in all patients, with 30.89% undergoing open cholecystectomy and 65.04% opting for laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The conversion rate from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy was 5%. The mean postoperative stay for laparoscopic cholecystectomy was 3 days, whereas open cholecystectomy necessitated an average stay of 7 days.

Conclusion: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy emerges as a superior surgical intervention, characterized by reduced postoperative pain, a diminished duration of hospitalization, and enhanced cosmetic outcomes.