Study on the pattern of changes in biochemical and haematological profiles in dengue-positive patients admitted to tertiary health care hospital Puri on the first, third, seventh, and tenth days of their illness.

Abstract

The objective of this research was to establish diagnostic and staging criteria for dengue in order to assist in the most effective treatment of the illness. This was accomplished by taking into account the influence that dengue infection has on a variety of biochemical and haematological markers in individuals who have dengue. Using a cross-sectional technique, a study was carried out at the Shri Jagannath Medical College and Hospital (SJMCH) in Puri. The research investigated the relationship between the two variables. After a clinical suspicion of SJMCH was established, serological testing revealed dengue-specific antigens and antibodies in fifty of the
patients. For this study, 50 individuals with febrile diseases of known origin (FKO) other than dengue were chosen as controls. In both cases and controls, the frequency of distinct clinical symptoms, as well as alterations in haematological and biochemical markers, were ascertained. The participants' average age was 34.3 ± 14.4 years, with 12 females and 38 males. Dengue was primarily characterized by fever and headache, which accounted for 100% of cases. There were additional reports of myalgia (82%), retro-orbital discomfort (70%),  bleeding tendencies (40%), rash (53%), and vomiting (50%). Leukopenia (64 per cent), hyponatremia (53%), hypokalemia (42 %), hypocalcemia (83%), and thrombocytopenia (92 per cent) were the symptoms that dengue patients had. Vertigo, rash, retroorbital discomfort, and bleeding tendencies were more common in dengue fever patients. Elevated transaminase, urea, creatinine, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and aberrant hematocrit levels are often associated with a severe form of the condition, along with reduced blood levels of albumin, cholesterol, salt, potassium, and calcium.