Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome Among Type I Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending the Institute of Diabetology in Stanley Medical College and Hospital in Tamil Nadu.

Abstract

Back ground: How frequently metabolic syndrome occur in type 1 diabetes is uncertain and so is the effect of metabolic syndrome among type 1 diabetics. Objectives 1. To find out the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among type I diabetes mellitus patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Tamilnadu. 2. To find out the association of metabolic syndrome with complications of type 1 DM.
Material and methods: The present study was a cross sectional study carried out in the Institute of Diabetology in Stanley Medical College between August 2023 to November 2023 among type I diabetes mellitus patients who were either attending to the out-patient department or admitted to the wards of the Diabetology department. All the patient who has severe complications of diabetes and those who were bed ridden were excluded from the study. Sample size was calculated to be 270. Informed consent was obtained from all the participants included into the study. Chi square test was applied to find out the association between two qualitative variables. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.
Results: The proportion of metabolic syndrome among the participants was 17.9%. Metabolic syndrome was in higher proportion among those with more age than those with lesser. Among those with no metabolic syndrome, 44.1% reported to be physically active while among those with metabolic syndrome, the proportion was 23.1%. Among those with metabolic syndrome, 67.3% had complications and among those without metabolic syndrome the proportion was 29.8%. Being physically inactive and complications of DM was found to be associated with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Promoting healthy behaviours like no alcohol consumption and being physically active would decrease risk of metabolic syndrome among Type 1 Diabetics. Presence of metabolic syndrome increases the probability of occurrence of diabetes complications. Hence addressing metabolic syndrome in type 1 diabetics is vital to increase their quality of life.