To Study Complications of Caesarean Section in Tertiary Care Hospital

Abstract

Background: Caesarean section is one of the commonest obstetric operations. Now a day’s increasing Caesarean section rates in developed countries, Caesarean section rates are also increasing in some developing countries. The majority of these proceed smoothly and safely; however, caesarean section is a major, open abdominal procedure, often performed in an emergency setting. The incidence of re‐laparotomy after caesarean section is 0.12–1.04%. The most common indications being intra‐abdominal bleeding, intra‐abdominal abscess or and bowel complications. Aim and Objectives: 1.To study most common and serious complications of caesarean section.2 To study the association of complications with various risk factors. METHODS: Study Design: Prospective study. Sample size: 100 Results: majority of subjects were from age group 20-25 yrs contributing 53 (53%) followed by 26-30 yrs age group 28 cases (28%), > 30 yrs 15 cases (15%) and 4 cases (4%) found in <20 yrs age group. Anemia was most common medical condition among subjects contributing 38 (38%) followed by Hypertensive disorders 15 (15%), APH 14 (14%) and Malpresentation in 13 (13%) cases respectively. most of study cases were delivered as an emergency contributing 76 cases and 24 cases were with elective caesarean section. Fetal Distress was most common indication for LSCS in present study contributing 23 cases followed by Prolonged Labor 14 cases, Hypertensive disorders 12, Breech 08, Placenta previa 7, Oligohydraminos 6, Obstructed Labor 5, Abruption 5, Severe anemia 3 and Transverse Lie in 3 patients respectively. Surgical site infection was most common complication in patients with caesarean section contributing 17 cases followed by Post partum haemorrhage 8 cases, Injury to bladder and intestine 2, Thromboembolism found in 1 case. A statistical significant association was seen between hypertensive disorders in pregnancy and complications in caesarean delivery.[p<0.05] Conclusions: Fetal Distress was most common indication for LSCS in present study followed by prolonged Labor, Hypertensive disorders,malpresentations, antepartum haemmorrhage,obstructed labor and previous LSCS. Surgical site infection was most common complication in patients with caesarean section followed by post partum haemorrhage, Injury to bladder and intestine and thromboembolism.