Evaluating the Impact of Tourniquet Use on Outcomes in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Comparative Study

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the impact of tourniquet use in total knee replacement (TKR) surgery on pain, blood loss, range of motion, and complications.
Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial included 40 patients undergoing TKR, divided into two groups: tourniquet (Group T) and non-tourniquet (Group WT). Pain was assessed using the Simplified Verbal Scale (SVS). Post-operative drain collection and range of motion at one week were measured.
Results: Group T reported significantly higher SVS scores on the first day post-surgery (2.65 vs. 2.2, p=0.0032). However, the difference was not observed on days 2 and 3. Group T also exhibited significantly higher drain collection (1009 ml vs. 628 ml, p<0.0001) and lower
range of motion (70.5° vs. 80°, p=0.0099) compared to Group WT. No significant difference in DVT or paresis incidence was observed.
Conclusion: Tourniquet use in TKR was associated with increased early pain, bleeding, and limited range of motion, despite providing a bloodless field. Surgeons should carefully consider the potential benefits and drawbacks before utilizing tourniquets, tailoring their
approach to individual patient characteristics. Future research should focus on optimizing tourniquet use and exploring alternative bloodless field techniques.