Unusual Case of Congenital Aneurysm of Proximal Pulmonary Artery Causing Lung Collapse

Abstract

Pulmonary artery aneurysm is rare condition in neonates which usually presents with compression on the surrounding vital structures. By definition, an aneurysm is focal dilatation of a blood vessel that involves all three layers of vessel wall. Pulmonary artery aneurysm is defined as focal or fusiform dilatation of the PA beyond its maximum normal caliber. Early recognition and treatment are important for reducing morbidity and preventing mortality. The patients of PAA can be absolutely asymptomatic clinically and may be detected on radiograph or computed tomography or echocardiography. They may present as chest pain, dysnoea, or hemoptysis. It requires multidisciplinary approach for the diagnosis and treatment. It is very important to diagnose and manage the PAA as early as possible due to its high morbidity and mortality. Hence CTA is most important for the accurate evaluation of the PAA for its prompt diagnosis and treatment to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality. Management of the PAA is surgical as well as medical depending upon the risk factors. The conservative management of PAA is serial follow up and periodic assessment of PAA. This is first case report of
congenital aneurysm of pulmonary artery causing extrinsic compression over the left main bronchus leading to collapse. The case was successfully managed with surgical translocation of RPA in front of Ascending aorta, angioplasty of MPA & LPA and repair of the ASD; thereby relieving the compression over the left main bronchus and future complications.