PREVALENCE OF THYROID DISORDERS AND OUTCOMES ASSOCIATED WITH THYROID DISORDERS, IN ANTENATAL WOMEN ATTENDING TERTIARY CARE IN INDIA

Abstract

Introduction: Thyroid dysfunction is the most common endocrinological disorder in
pregnancy, only second to diabetes. If not treated, they can have adverse effects on maternal
and neonatal outcomes.Maternal complications include miscarriage, anaemia, preeclampsia,
gestational hypertension, placental abruption, preterm delivery, increased rate of caesarean
section, and postpartum haemorrhage. Fetal outcomes include preterm birth, low birth weight
(LBW), perinatal morbidity and mortality, increased NICU admission; and
neuropsychological and cognitive impairment.Thus it is important to adopt appropriate
strategies to identify women at risk of these adverse outcomes for early detection and
initiation of effective treatment, hence the study was undertaken.
Methodology: A cross - sectional study was conducted in 400 pregnant women attending
antenatal outpatient department in a tertiary care after obtaining ethical committee approval.
This study was conducted from march 2020 to September 2023, after obtaining written
informed consent from patients. Demographic data included maternal age, parity, years of
marital life, infertility, family history of thyroid disorder, menstrual history. Maternal comorbidities pertaining to thyroid dysfunction include history of miscarriage, anaemia,
preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, oligohydramnios, preterm delivery and increased rate
of caesarean section. Fetal outcomes include LBW, Low Apgar score, and increased NICU
admission. Routine hematological parameters and estimation of T3, T4 and TSH was
conducted. The categorical variables were assessed using Pearson chi-square test and
continuous variable using t test. The test was considered significant when the p value is less
than 0.05.