Assessing perinatal risks associated with elevated uric acid in pre-eclampsia: An observational study

Abstract

Introduction: The relationship between elevated uric acid levels and pre-eclampsia has been a subject of considerable research, highlighting its potential role as a biomarker for the disease and its complications. This observational study aimed to assess perinatal risks associated with elevated uric acid levels in pregnant women diagnosed with pre-eclampsia.
Material and Methods: Seventy-five pregnant women with pre-eclampsia were included in the study. Baseline demographics, clinical parameters (including blood pressure, proteinuria, and uric acid levels), and perinatal outcomes (such as gestational age at delivery, birth weight, Apgar scores, preterm birth incidence, NICU admissions, and fetal distress) were collected. Statistical analysis included means, standard deviations, and p-values to assess differences and associations.
Results: Maternal age (28.5 ± 4.2 years), parity (1.8 ± 1.2), and gestational age at pre-eclampsia diagnosis (30.4 ± 2.5 weeks) showed significant variations (p < 0.05). Perinatal outcomes demonstrated lower gestational age at delivery (36.2 weeks ± 2.1), reduced birth weight (2750 grams ± 350), and Apgar scores at 1 and 5 minutes (7.8 ± 1.2 and 8.5 ± 1.0, respectively), indicating the impact of preeclampsia on neonatal health. The study revealed a high incidence of preterm birth (32%), NICU admissions (25%), and fetal distress (15%).
Conclusion: Elevated uric acid levels in pre-eclampsia are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and increased neonatal care requirements. Early detection, vigilant monitoring, and appropriate interventions are essential in managing pre-eclampsia and improving neonatal outcomes.