Clinical Profile of Hyponatremic Elderly Patients

Abstract

Background
Hyponatremia is defined as sodium less than 135mEq/l. It is a clinico etiological study on hyponatremic elderly patients presenting to emergency department.
Aim and objective
All patients aged 60years and above with their serum sodium level less than135mEq/L were included in the study.
Methods
A total of 100 patients were included in the study. It is a prospective observational study conducted from 2016 to 2018 in a tertiary care hospital.
Results
We had more of male patients compared to female, more during there sixth and seventh decade.with a mean age of 66.63 years. more of neurological symptoms like altered sensorium, drowsiness and seizures. Majority of the patients are with mild hyponatremia (52%) followed by severe grade (25%) and 23% of them had moderate hyponatremia. And mean serum sodium 124.56mEq/. Patients with mild and moderate hyponatremia most of their presenting symptoms were non-neurological, whereas patients with severe hyponatremia majority of them presented with neurological symptoms. Hypertension followed by diabetes mellitus was the most common preexisting illness present among the patients. Among the various aetiologies reported among our study subjects the most common aetiology was found to be SIADH that is euvolemic hyponatremia was found to be common in present study. The second most common cause was drug induced Like diuretics.
Conclusion
As the p value >0.05 so patients had more than one factor influencing the occurrence of hyponatremia. Mortality in our study was around 4.30% which was significantly low. The mortalityis mainly due to an underlying primary disease. length of stay
increased with the severity of disease.