Clinical profile of patients with obstructive sleep apnea attending tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is being recognized as an important public
health problem worldwide. The timely diagnosis and treatment of OSA with underlying
etiology leads to decreased symptoms and increases quality of life among OSA patients.
Present study was aimed to study clinical profile of patients with obstructive sleep apnea
attending tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was single-center,
prospective, observational study, conducted in patients more than 18 years of age, had
symptoms suggestive of Sleep Disordered Breathing such as, excessive daytime
somnolence, disruptive snoring, fragmented sleep, choking and gasping, un-refreshing
sleep, morning headache, personality changes and Impaired concentration, insomnia,
daytime headache. Sleep study parameters collected from polysomnography were
Apnea–Hypopnea Index (AHI). Results: During study period, total 66 patients underwent
evaluation. Mean age was 47.9 ± 14.2 years. Majority were male (62.12 %) as compared
to female (37.88 %). Mean body measurements such as mean height was 1.59 ± 0.14
meters, mean weight 91.2 ± 23.3 kgs, mean Body Mass Index was 30.4 ± 6.1 kg/m2
, mean
neck circumference was 35.2 ± 4.2 cms & lowest saturation % in sleep study was 82.2 ±
9.6 %. Common co-morbidities noted were hypertension (57.58 %), overweight (48.48
%), smoking (31.82 %), obesity (30.3 %), diabetes mellites (25.76 %), asthma (13.64 %)
& COPD (10.61 %) In present study, majority patients had Severe OSA (56.06 %)
followed by moderate OSA (28.79 %), mild OSA (9.09 %) while 4 patients had no OSA
(6.06 %). Conclusion: Obesity, Hypertension and diabetes were common associations in
patients with significant obstructive sleep apnea. Polysomnography is a useful
investigation which helps in diagnosis of OSA.