A COMPREHENSIVE CLINICOEPIDEMIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF HERPES ZOSTER IN A TERTIARY CARE CENTRE

Abstract

Background: Herpes zoster caused by the reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus is a major health burden in all age groups. Prodromal features like Fever, pain and itch are common before the onset of zoster rash. The most common complication associated with this disease is post-herpetic neuralgia. Methods: 179 cases of herpes zoster patients who attended DVL OPD, in GGH, Vijayawada from January 2023 to December 2023 were analysed. The study design is a descriptive study. A detailed history taking, thorough clinical examination and appropriate relevant investigations were done. Results: This study included 179 herpes zoster patients- male 92 (51.3%), and female 87 (48.6%) and the mean age group was 44.7 years. 4% (8 cases) were <20 years of age. 21.7% (39 cases) were between 20-40 years. 60.8% (109 cases) were between 40-60 years. 12.8% (23 cases) belong to age >60. The most common primary site of involvement was the thoracic dermatome which was found in 43% of cases in our study. Prodromal symptoms were present in 90% of cases. The most common complication was post-herpetic neuralgia41.3%.
Conclusions: All age groups are susceptible to herpes zoster with a higher incidence in elderly patients and those with immune-compromised status. Treatment with antivirals within 72 hours of the onset of the rash has shown a significant reduction in severity and complications.