Space occupying lesions in solid organs: A single centre longitudinal study

Abstract

Introduction: The liver is a primary hub for space-occupying lesions (SOL), detected through advanced imaging technologies. While benign liver lesions often require no immediate intervention, the rising prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) demands thorough evaluation. Understanding clinical, biological, and radiological aspects of liver lesions is crucial. Comparatively, splenic lesions, less common than in other organs, range from asymptomatic to critical cases. Advanced imaging and surgical technologies enhance identification, yet a universal protocol for splenic lesions is lacking. Our study explores the varied etiologies, symptomatology, and distinctive management strategies for SOL in the liver and spleen, proposing a tailored algorithm based on current literature.
Methodology: A two-year longitudinal study conducted in KIMS hospital, Bhubaneshwar delves into liver and spleen SOLs, homogenizing for specificity. Inclusion criteria target hepatic and splenic SOL, excluding other organs. Data collection involves history, examination, laboratory analysis, and imaging (ultrasound, CT, MRI), analyzed statistically for comprehensive exploration.
Results: The cohort (n=157, mean age 50.52 years, male-predominant) exhibits diverse SOL types, with prevalent metastatic malignancies (40.13%) and hepatic abscesses (33.76%). Primary sources of metastasis include gallbladder, biliary tree, pancreas, and colorectal region. Management varies from palliation to interventions like ERCP, chemotherapy, and PTBD. Detailed characteristics and size specific management of abscess inform tailored patient care.
Conclusion: The study illuminates’ diverse distribution of SOL and their management in our centre. Beyond academia, findings guide practical patient management and foster future research in space occupying lesions of liver and spleen.