PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS FOR CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (CKD) IN A CROSS-SECTIONAL POPULATION STUDY

Abstract

Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a global health concern with rising incidence and prevalence. Understanding its risk factors and distribution in different populations is crucial for developing targeted interventions and preventive strategies. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 200 participants selected through stratified random sampling in an urban setting. Data collection included detailed medical histories, physical examinations, blood and urine tests, and questionnaires on lifestyle and dietary habits. CKD was defined based on the KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) guidelines. Statistical analyses included
descriptive statistics, logistic regression models, and chi-square tests to identify potential risk factors associated with CKD. Results: The prevalence of CKD in the study population was found to be X%. Key risk factors identified included age (especially those over 60 years),
hypertension, diabetes mellitus, a history of smoking, and obesity. A significant association was noted between CKD and lower socioeconomic status. Notably, a high prevalence of undiagnosed CKD was observed in the study group, indicating a potential gap in healthcare access and awareness. Conclusion: The study highlights a considerable burden of CKD in the examined population, with several modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors identified. The findings underscore the need for enhanced screening, especially in high-risk groups, and public health initiatives focusing on CKD awareness and prevention. Further research is warranted to explore
the underlying mechanisms of the identified risk factors and to evaluate the effectiveness of targeted intervention strategies