CORRELATION OF SALIVARY CREATININE AND URIC ACID WITH SERUM CREATININE AND URIC ACID IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE

Abstract

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) indicates a spectrum of pathophysiologic processes associated with abnormal kidney function. CKD is associated with accumulation of metabolic waste products and manifests as increased urea, creatinine, uric acid etc. Some systemic diseases like CKD can also affect contents of salivary secretion. Collection of blood is an invasive procedure causing anxiety and discomfort. Saliva has an advantage over serum because saliva collection is a non-invasive, simple and economic procedure that can be performed by the patient with minimal involvement of medical personnel, when required a repeat test be easily done and is suitable for all age groups. Aims and objectives: Aim of our study is to estimate creatinine and uric acid in saliva and serum in Chronic kidney disease patients as well as in normal individuals. Methods and materials: A hospital based observational study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Assam for 6 months with 50 individuals of randomly selected CKD patients and 50 healthy individuals of age group 40-70 years. Whole saliva was collected by spitting method after fasting for at least 2hours. The collected salivary and serum samples were centrifuged in a centrifuge machine for 10 minutes at the rate of 3000 rpm. Then the supernatant saliva and serum were separated and assayed in semi-automated analyser machine for creatinine and uric acid.
Results: Mean values of creatinine were 5.28 mg/dl in saliva and 8.09 mg/dl in blood of chronic kidney disease which were higher than that of control groups. Mean value of uric acid in saliva and serum were found 2.66 mg/dl and 7.81 mg/dl respectively in CKD pateints which were slightly higher than that of healthy individuals. Statistical analysis of the results showed significant elevated levels in salivary and serum creatinine and uric acid in the cases with p < 0.05.
Conclusion: In our study, patients with CKD showed elevated levels of creatinine and uric acid in saliva as well as serum compared to the levels in healthy individuals. Therefore, salivary creatinine and uric acid could be taken as an alternative for serum creatinine and uric acid in chronic kidney disease.