STRUCTURAL ANOMALIES DETECTED ON ANTENATAL ULTRASOUND AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH CONSANGUINITY, PREVIOUS ANOMALIES, MATERNAL DIABETES AND HYPERTENSION IN PATIENTS ATTENDING THE TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, ADILABAD, TELANGANA

Abstract

structural congenital anomalies have been known since time immemorial and are considered as abnormalities of structure present from birth. Serious birth defects are life-threatening or have the potential to result in disability. It is a global problem, but their impact is particularly severe in middle and low-income countries. This study is done to assess the magnitude of congenital anomalies, patterns of congenital anomalies and the association of congenital anomalies with consanguinity, previous anomalies, maternal diabetes and hypertension. This is a retrospective observational study done in the department of radiology, Rajiv Gandhi institute of Medical Sciences. A total of 38,303 antenatal ultrasound scan reports (from July 2017 to March 2022) were reviewed. The overall percentage of fetuses with visible congenital malformation in the present study is 1.45%, the most common organ system anomaly was
central nervous system and involved in 149(26.8%) patients. Other systems involved are the following, genitourinary system141 (25.3%), multiple systems 90 (16.2%), cardio vascular system 58 (10.3%), musculo skeletal system 56(10%), facial 36 (6.5%), gastrointestinal system in 10 (1.7%), lymphatic system in 15 (2.6%), Respiratory system in 3 (0.5%). There is history of consanguinity was there among 27.5% of the antenatal mothers. Early identification of gross structural anomalies by second trimester ultrasound scans and counselling of antenatal mothers, genetic screening will help in reduction in the incidence of congenital anomalies at birth.