PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATION OF ADMISSION HYPERGLYCAEMIA IN NON-DIABETIC ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS, A PROSPECTIVE OVERVIEW

Abstract

Background: Elevated admission glucose levels in non-diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction are independently associated with large infarct sizes and a higher mortality rate when compared with patients with normal glucose levels. A strong correlation between glycaemia and shock or development of heart failure has also been reported. This study was carried out to assess the prognostic implications of admission hyperglycaemia in non-diabetic acute myocardial infarction patients. Aim and objectives: This study was conducted to assess the prognostic implications of admission hyperglycaemia in non-diabetic acute myocardial infarction patients. Methodology: The study became conducted on 200 non diabetic STEMI patients admitted in the hospital. Patients with acute myocardial infarction proven by ECG, cardiac enzymes (positive Troponin I or CPK-MB) and symptoms suggestive of acute myocardial infarction who have no previous history of diabetes with HbA1c <6.5 were included in the study. Results: Amongst patients with admission blood glucose ≤140 mg%, 8 patients (8.10%) developed cardiogenic shock, 5 patients (5.40%) developed arrhythmias, 4 patients (4.05%) developed AV block (≥2nd degree) and 7 patients (6.75%) died all through the hospital live. Amongst patients with admission blood glucose >140 mg%, 21 patients (21.05%) developed cardiogenic shock, 18 patients (18.42%) developed arrhythmias,14 patients (14.47%) developed AV block and patients (14%) died during the hospital stay. The complications and mortality were significantly higher in patients with admission blood glucose >140 mg%.