Impact of Postoperative Physical Therapy Timing on Functional Recovery Following Total Knee Arthroplasty: An Observational Study

Abstract

Introduction: Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for end-stage knee osteoarthritis, with postoperative rehabilitation, including physical therapy, playing a vital role in optimizing functional recovery. The optimal timing of physical therapy initiation remains controversial, with conflicting evidence in the literature. Early initiation may facilitate faster recovery, while delayed
initiation may allow for adequate pain control and wound healing. Limited empirical evidence exists to guide decision-making regarding post-TKA physical therapy timing. Objective: To investigate the impact of postoperative physical therapy timing on functional recovery and early outcomes in patients undergoing TKA. Materials and Methods: This observational study included 256 patients undergoing primary unilateral TKA. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and physical therapy initiation was
categorized as early or delayed. Functional outcomes were compared between groups, and multivariate regression analysis was performed. Results: Early physical therapy initiation was associated with higher knee range of motion, greater ambulation distance, lower pain scores, and shorter hospital stays. Multivariate analysis confirmed the independent association of early physical therapy with improved outcomes. Conclusion: Early initiation of postoperative physical therapy is associated with improved functional
recovery and early outcomes following TKA. Future studies should further investigate the optimal timing and intensity of postoperative physical therapy in TKA patients.