Clinical study of posterior uveitis and visual outcome after treatment in a tertiary care hospital

Abstract

Introduction: Posterior uveitis is a challenging intraocular inflammation that can lead to significant visual impairment if untreated. Understanding its clinical course and treatment outcomes is crucial for effective management. This study aimed to evaluate the demographic, clinical, and ocular characteristics of patients with posterior uveitis, determine visual outcomes post-treatment, assess the effectiveness of various treatment modalities, and identify factors influencing visual outcomes.
Materials and Methods: A retrospective observational analysis was conducted on 104 patients diagnosed with posterior uveitis at a tertiary care hospital. Data collected included demographic details, clinical characteristics, treatment modalities, and visual outcomes. Statistical analyses were performed to assess associations and treatment effectiveness.
Results: The majority of patients were aged 20-40 years (43.3%) and predominantly male (59.6%). Most cases were unilateral (60.6%), with varied symptom durations and associations with systemic diseases. Systemic corticosteroids (62.5%) were the most common treatment, followed by immunosuppressive agents (43.3%). Visual acuity improved in 65.4% of patients post-treatment, with combined therapy showing the highest mean improvement (0.30 logMAR).
Conclusion: This study provides insights into the management and prognosis of posterior uveitis, highlighting the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids and combined therapies in improving visual outcomes. Factors such as age, gender, symptom duration, and systemic diseases significantly influence treatment outcomes. Early diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies are crucial for optimizing visual outcomes in posterior uveitis patients.