Abstract

Aim: The aim of the present study was to assess the histopathological patterns of urinary bladder neoplasms and diagnostic utility of IHC GATA 3 marker. Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Government Medical College Patiala, Punjab. It was a descriptive cross-sectional study over a period of 1 year (2022-2023) and included 65 cases with the approval of Institutional Ethics committee. Results: In the present study, patients were divided into 7 groups according to age. The highest no. of cases was recorded in the 61-70 age group i.e. 7th decade (36.9%).The mean age was 60.31±12.07 years. The range of age was 27-85 years of age. The youngest patient was 34 years old and oldest 85 years old. Approximately 10% of patients were in <40 years range of age group. The majority of cases were 50 male individuals, constituting 76.9% of the total patients. On the other hand, females made up a smaller proportion, comprising 15 individuals, which represented 23.0% of the total patients. The incidence of hematuria was significantly high among the study population constituting 69.2% followed by Urine outflow obstruction (16.9%). The majority of growths were located on the lateral wall (40.3%) and posterolateral wall (33.9%), indicating these as predominant sites. Conversely, growths on the anterior and inferior walls were less common, each comprising 8.1% and 1.6%, respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed a notable prevalence of high-grade carcinoma among older individuals, particularly males, with a significant association between advanced age and higher-grade tumors. Tumor size analysis showed an average of 3.9 cm, with substantial variation between low-grade (2.86 cm) and high-grade tumors (5.56 cm), correlating significantly with both tumor grade. Immunohistochemical analysis, notably using GATA3 expression, demonstrated its strong correlation with tumor grade, size, and invasiveness, presenting high sensitivity (78.05%), excellent specificity (100.0%), and an overall accuracy of 83.93%. Keywords: Histopathological Patterns, Urinary Bladder Neoplasms, Diagnostic Utility, IHC GATA 3 Marker.

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