Abstract

Background: Histological identification of H pylori infection done by modified Giemsa, Warthin-Starry and immunohistochemical H pylori antibody stains. Present study was aimed to evaluate the usefulness of Giemsa stain in addition to Hematoxylin and eosin for histopathological identification of H. Pylori. Material and Methods: Present study was Hospital based Cross-sectional study, conducted in patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy undergoing biopsies. Three biopsies were taken from stomach under endoscopic guidance and fixed in 10% formalin and subjected for tissue processing. Results: Out of 100 cases, 58 were males and 42 were females with male to female ratio of 1.4 :1 and majority of lesions were in males. The age ranged from 13 to 85 years with mean age of 53.6 years. Highest incidence of cases was seen in 5th, 6th and seventh decade. There were 78 cases of chronic gastritis, 3 adenocarcinoma, 3 cases of dysplasia, 1 case of eosinophilic gastritis, 5 gastric polyps and 10 cases with normal histology. Sensitivity of H&E stain was only 78 % and specificity was 88% when compared with Giemsa stain. H. Pylori was positive in 74 out of 100gastric biopsies. H. pylori was positive in 85.9% cases of chronic gastritis and its association with H. pylori was found to be statistically significant. It was seen in 60% of hyperplastic polyp and 66.7% of adenocarcinoma and 66.67% of dysplasia. H. pylori was completely absent in Fundic polyps , adenocarcinoma diffuse type and eosinophilic gastritis. Conclusion: Organisms are better appreciated using Giemsa stain, even when the density of organisms are low and should be used for the demonstration of H. Pylori as it is sensitive, cheap and reproducible.

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