Abstract

Most common functional disorder of the thyroid gland is Hypothyroidism. It is characterised by various clinical manifestations resulting from deficiency of thyroid hormones. It is estimated that about 01% to 10% of the worldwide population suffers from thyroid disorders. Thyroid profile in Hypothyroidism should be monitored regularly and prompt treatment with Levothyroxine is mandatory to prevent various complications in these cases. Objectives: Present study was undertaken to study two Body Composition Parameters namely first was Body Fat percentage and second Lean Body Mass percentage in newly diagnosed hypothyroid subjects and in hypothyroid subjects who were receiving thyroxine supplementation therapy for more than 5 years. Study also aimed to find out if there was any significant improvement in these parameters after treatment. Material and methods: Ninety adults (Males & Females) of age group more than 30 years were selected after screening from the Medicine Out Patient department of this Institute. They were divided into three equal groups of 30 subjects (28 female and 2 males) each belonging to the same socio-economic status. Group I: Euthyroid subjects (Control group), Group II: Newly diagnosed and untreated hypothyroid patients and Group III: Hypothyroid patients taking synthetic thyroid hormone for more than 5 years. Individual subjects having diabetes, pregnancy, cardiovascular, pulmonary, renal or liver diseases and endocrine disorders other than hypothyroidism were strictly excluded from the study. The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Ethics Committee. Written informed consent was obtained from all the study subjects enrolled in the study. Statistics Applied: One-way ANNOVA test was applied to study statistically significant variation in three Groups and multiple comparisons between Group I vs. Group II, Group I vs. Group III, and Group II vs. Group III done by Tukey test. Results and conclusions: Significantly high value of Body fat % was found in Group II as in comparison with Group I. No statistically significant difference in Body fat % was found in Group I and Group III. Value of Body fat % in Group III was found significantly lower as compared to Group II. Value of Lean Body Mass % was found significantly low in Group II as in comparison with Group I. No statistically significant difference in Lean Body Mass % was found in Group I and Group III. Significantly high value of Lean Body Mass % in Group III was found as compared to Group II. Thyroxine replacement causes increase in oxygen consumption, energy expenditure and improves over all metabolism in body and because of these values of body fat and lean body mass were almost normalised in group III as they were getting treatment more than 5 years

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