Abstract

Amenorrhea, the medical term for the absence of menstruation, can lead to infertility and, consequently, have profound societal implications. This case-control study aimed to investigate the association between hyperprolactinemia and thyroid hormone levels in individuals experiencing amenorrhea. Methods: We conducted hormonal evaluations on 50 UCMS hospital patients who had been diagnosed with secondary amenorrhea. Fifty-two women who were otherwise healthy served as controls. Cases and controls were analyzed for thyroid dysfunction and serum prolactin levels. Results: An intriguing revelation emerged from the study: patients exhibited notably higher average prolactin levels in their serum compared to the control group. When juxtaposing hyperprolactinemic and normoprolactinemic individuals, the former displayed marginally reduced average serum fT3 and fT4 levels, with comparable mean TSH levels across both groups (P=0.049). Prolactin's relationship with BMI, TSH, and age proved positive, while it conversely correlated with fT3, fT4, and chronological years. Moreover, hyperprolactinemic subjects experienced a negative correlation between prolactin and TSH (r=-0.115, P=0.481), normoprolactinemic counterparts displayed a positive correlation (r=0.296, P=0.126). Conclusions Assessing amenorrhea diagnostically calls for measuring prolactin, fT3, fT4, and TSH levels, as the interplay of hyperprolactinemia and thyroid dysfunction could be key hormonal factors in the equation.

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