Abstract

Background: Osteoporosis poses a significant public health concern globally, particularly among aging populations. Vitamin D deficiency has been implicated as a contributing factor to bone mineral density (BMD) loss and osteoporotic fractures, although the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation remains debated. This study aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D status and BMD in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, as well as the impact of vitamin D supplementation on treatment outcomes. Methods: A case-control study was conducted among elderly patients diagnosed with primary osteoporosis, assessing vitamin D levels, dietary intake, sun exposure, and BMD using Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). Patients were randomly assigned to receive either standard osteoporosis treatment alone or with additional vitamin D supplementation. Changes in BMD and vitamin D levels were monitored over 12 months. Results: The study found no significant differences in baseline T-scores or vitamin D levels between the supplemented and control groups. However, after 12 months, the supplemented group showed significantly higher vitamin D levels compared to the control group (p < 0.001). While there was no significant difference in T-scores between the groups at 12 months (p = 0.199), qualitative analysis revealed a notable reduction in osteoporotic BMD status in the supplemented group compared to controls (5% vs. 35%).

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