Abstract

Introduction: Pneumoperitoneum is a surgical technique used in abdominal surgery, often involving general anesthesia. It can cause a transient sympathetic response, increased plasma catecholamines and vasopressin levels, and increased intra-abdominal pressure, potentially causing hypertension and tachycardia. Various pharmacological agents have been attempted to mitigate this response, but none have been found ideal.

Description

.