Abstract

High blood pressure and heart rate are common side effects of laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation, triggered by the body's reactive sympathetic pressor response. In patients at high risk, this could have a negative impact. The purpose of this research is to examine how lignocaine and esmolol affect this reaction and to draw comparisons between the two. Methods: One hundred and fifty normotensive patients with ASA I or II status who were scheduled for elective surgery were selected at random and split into three groups of 50. All patients were premedicated with 0.2 milligrammes of pentazocine intravenously and 0.02 milligrammes of midazolam intravenously. All patients were given the same dose of intravenous thiopentone (5 mg/kg) for induction of anaesthesia. Succinylcholine 2 mg/kg i.v. with 0.01% glycopyrrolate mg/kg produced a calming effect. The initial batch did not get any dampening. Three minutes before laryngoscopy and intubation, the second group received an intravenous bolus of 1.5 mg/kg lignocaine, whereas the third group received an intravenous bolus of 2 mg/kg Esmolol. Noninvasive measurements of heart rate and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were taken at 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 minutes after laryngoscopy had begun. Statistical significance was determined using the 'Z' test. Results: Following intubation, the incidence of tachycardia with a heart rate of more than 100 beats per minute was substantially higher in the control and lignocaine groups than in the esmolol group (z>1.96, p0.05-0.001) The control group and the lignocaine group both showed a statistically significant rise in their blood pressure compared to the esmolol group (z > 1.96, p 0.05). Conclusion: Both lignocaine and esmolol have been shown to have the effect of dampening the pressor response. When compared to lignocaine 1.5mg/kg i.v bolus, the attenuation provided by esmolol 2 mg/kg i.v bolus is more constant, dependable, and effective than that provided by lignocaine 1.5mg/kg i.v bolus

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