Abstract

Urinary tract infection (UTI) remains one of the most common causes of febrile illness in pediatric practice. In developing countries, it ranks next to gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections as the third most common bacterial infection in children. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive study done on 358 children of age 6 months to 5 years, attending in outpatient Department of Pediatrics, Maharaja Institute of Medical Science, Vizianagaram from January 2022 to December 2022. After taking informed consent from the parents, children were enrolled in the study according to the anthropometric measurements, nutritional status and the inclusion criteria. Inclusion criteria were children of both moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM), according to WHO criteria and were included both symptomatic and asymptomatic cases also. Children with congenital anomalies in genitourinary tract, obstructive uropathy, renal problems, patients on steroids, immunodeficiency disorder, and HIV infection were excluded. Baseline demographic data format and clinical history were noted. Results: A total of 358 children were included in the study based on inclusion criteria. Of them 12 children were found to be urinary tract abnormality cases. Hence, they were excluded from the study. Demographic and clinical data of the total 358 children was shown in Table 1. In this study, more children (128) were in the age group of 13-24 months. Both the sexes were equally distributed (174). In this study 54% MAM and 46% were SAM. The common urinary symptom observed was fever in 50% of children. Out of total 358 children, 110(31.6%) were symptomatic and 240 (68.6%) children were asymptomatic. In this study, urine examinations shows urine albumin positive 26(7.5%), pyuria 40 (11.4%) and positive urine culture in 54 (15.5%) children. Out of 358 children, 54 children were having urine culture growth positive. The results show E. Coli (32), Klebseilla (8), Proteus (6), Pseudomonas (6) and Acinetobactor (2). Conclusion: The findings of the study conclude that the prevalence rate of UTI is higher in malnutrition children. The most common bacterial isolate from urine culture was E.coli. The most sensitive antimicrobial agents to these organisms are amikacin, ciprofloxacin. These observations have formed the basis for the current diagnostic and therapeutic guidelines for clinicians who are managing children with complicated MAM and SAM

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