Abstract

Background: In the field of otolaryngology, a diverse array of inflammatory, non-neoplastic, and neoplastic growths affecting the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx are frequently encountered across all age groups. This investigation was initiated to document the histopathological characteristics of nasal lesions, their categorization, and the proportional distribution of these lesions concerning age and gender within our clinical setting. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis encompassing 78 cases was conducted at an Indian tertiary care level hospital. Patients ranging from 1 to 80 years of age were included in the study cohort. Histopathological analysis was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The histopathological diagnoses were correlated with pertinent clinical observations and investigative findings. Results: Of the total 78 cases examined, 57 were non-neoplastic, while 21 were neoplastic. Among non-neoplastic lesions, polyps were the most prevalent, followed by fungal infections. Within the neoplastic category, 15 lesions were benign, while six were malignant. Inflammatory polyps constituted the most frequent non-neoplastic lesion, inverted papilloma emerged as the predominant benign lesion, and sinonasal carcinoma was identified as the most prevalent malignant lesion. Conclusion: Histopathological examination stands as a straightforward, dependable, and cost-effective diagnostic modality for identifying various lesions affecting the nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses, and nasopharynx.

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