Abstract

The incidence of cholelithiasis has registered considerable rise in India in recent decades. The diagnosis and management of biliary diseases has become very accurate and easy with the availability of ultrasound, CT Scan, MRI, MRCP. Most of the cases of isolated chronic cholecystitis with cholelithiasis can be managed with minimally invasive surgery (Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy). In this study patients with cholelithiasis who are admitted during April 2020 to Sep 2022 had been taken up for this study and evaluation. Aim and Objectives: To study the incidence of gallstone disease in relation to age and sex, the effect of diet in the formation of gallstones, the profile of clinical presentations of gallstones, the efficacy of different types of management for gallstone disease, the biochemical composition of gallstones in our patients, complications of gallstones, the associated diseases with gallstones. Materials and Methods: This study consists of 100 patients with cholelithiasis who were admitted and treated in our department, their thorough history was taken, necessary investigations were done with appropriate management and gall bladder was sent for HPE, gall stones were sent for bio chemical analysis. Conclusions: The incidence of gallstones was maximum in 4" and 6" decades. There was no significant sex difference in the study group (Ratio Female 526: Male 48%). Non vegetarians tend to have more gallstones than vegetarians. The most common clinical presentation was pain in the night hypochondrium followed by dyspepsia and other symptoms. Ultrasound was the best investigation for diagnosing cholelithiasis. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the operation of choice for gall stones. Non operative therapies for gallstones have limited clinical applicability and require further development. Majority of the patients had mixed stones on biochemical analysis of gallstones. The most common complication which we came across was chronic cholecystitis.

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