Abstract

Infants who are born to Diabetic mothers have been found to be at a significantly increased risk for perinatal morbidity and mortality risks. The improvement of the outcome of diabetes pregnancies through the use of appropriate maternal glycaemic control has been a goal for doctors. Materials and Methods: Prospective observational study was conducted in Department Of Pediatrics, Kurnool Medical College and Government General Hospital from January 2021 – December 2022. The data of IDMs were collected from postnatal ward. All IDMs delivered during this period staying in postnatal ward were included in this study. The outcomes were compared between the hypoglycaemic and normoglycemic IDMs and between gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and pre GDM in hypoglycaemic group using Chi square test and Fisher’s exact test. The data analysis was performed with Epi enfo7 software. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results: Out of 100, 16.25% had birth weight more than 4 Kg, 60% had hypoglycaemia. 23.75% of neonates are Large for gestational age, 45% developed hypocalcaemia and 43% developed hyperbilirubinemia. 62% had polycythaemia, congenital anomalies in 15%, 8.75% had birth injuries, incidence of mortality was 10%. Conclusion: GDM and ODM are common metabolic disorders in pregnancy which cause variety of neonatal complications .All pregnant mothers must undergo diabetes screening. They need better glycaemic management and regular follow-up. Delivery should be planned in order to decrease the risk of shoulder dystocia and birth injuries, and the rate of emergency caesarean sections. To enhance new-born outcomes, all babies born to mothers with diabetes should be admitted to the neonatal care unit for observation. Need special attention to mothers for GDM prevention and DM therapy

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