Abstract

Diabetes, a prevalent metabolic disorder, has become a significant global health concern. In Type 1 diabetes, diabetic retinopathy stands out as a leading cause of blindness, with its occurrence influenced by the severity and duration of diabetes. Methods This research was conducted at the Department of Ophthalmology, Regional Eye Hospital, Kurnool, spanning from November 2019 to October 2021. The study encompassed both outpatient attendees and referrals from other departments, involving a total of 100 patients screened for diabetic retinopathy. Comprehensive assessments, including visual acuity testing for each eye, pinhole correction, and vision improvement with glasses, were conducted. Additional evaluations comprised slit lamp examinations for anterior segment assessment, intraocular measurement via Goldman applanation tonometry, torchlight pupillary reactions to rule out relative afferent pupillary reaction, and dilatation of pupils with Tropicamide eye drops for detailed fundus examination using both direct and indirect ophthalmoscopes and a 90 D Lens. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was employed in cases exhibiting fundus abnormalities such as clinically significant macular edema. Fundus fluorescein angiography was conducted to assess capillary perfusion, with ultrasound B scans performed in cases of hazy media to exclude posterior segment pathology.

Description