Abstract

In underdeveloped nations, antibiotics are routinely administered for pharyngitis, which results in high healthcare costs and their irrational usage may cause antibiotic resistance in the population. The purpose of this study is to examine how environmental factors affect the likelihood that group incidents may occur. Aims: To estimate the prevalence of Group A β-hemolytic streptococcus in cases of acute pharyngitis among children. Materials and methods: The current study was a cross-sectional study conducted on 200 children between the ages of 5 to 12 years who visited the out-patient of paediatric department. Results: In the current study, 4.5% of children between the ages of 5 to 12 years had GAS pharyngitis. Female children are seemed to have a greater frequency than male children. There was no appreciable incidence in any specific age group. The abrupt start of the illness and congestion of the tonsils, oropharynx, and posterior pharyngeal wall were the most prevalent clinical characteristics linked to GAS pharyngitis. Each and every one of the positive isolates had β-hemolytic colonies on sheep blood agar with Gram-positive cocci grouped in short chains on Gram stain, were susceptible to bacitracin, provided a positive PYR test result, and displayed agglutination with Group A latex reagent. Low susceptibility to ampicillin, ceftriaxone, cefipime, erythromycin, and azithromycin was indicated by the antibiotic susceptibility profile. All of the isolates shown sensitivity to vancomycin. Conclusion: Thus, it is necessary to conduct periodical investigations to determine the incidence of GAS pharyngitis and to track changes in the susceptibility of GAS to antibiotics

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