Abstract

Gallstones are a prevalent gastrointestinal condition that frequently necessitates hospitalization. The preferred surgical intervention for the majority of patients is laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The main aim of this study was to identify the characteristics that contribute to the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy at a tertiary care hospital. The secondary aims of this study were to assess the age, gender, and etiological factors associated with cholelithiasis. Methods: This study is a prospective observational investigation conducted on a cohort of 90 patients who were admitted to Department of General Surgery, Mahavir Institute of Medical Sciences, Telangana, India between July 2021 to June 2022. Patients identified with cholelithiasis underwent diagnostic procedures such as ultrasonography, magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography, and/or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Results: Among the sample of 90 patients, a total of 9 individuals required conversion to open surgery. The most prevalent complications observed in these cases included adhesion, common bile duct injury, bleeding of the cystic artery, bowel injury and the existence of unknown anatomical structures. Subsequently, a laparoscopic cholecystectomy was scheduled. A study was conducted to examine the factors that are linked with the conversion from laparoscopic to open cholecystectomy. Conclusions: The safety and minimally invasive nature of laparoscopic cholecystectomy make it a widely used method. In this study, the conversion rate was found to be low, and the most frequent reason for conversion was the presence of thick adhesions at Calot's triangle.

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