Abstract

Lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are commonly encountered clinically and it is quite difficult to distinguish clinically the polyps arising from inflammatory conditions with those of neoplastic origin. Though malignant lesion of nasal and paranasal cavities account for less than 1% of all malignant lesions and less than 3% of head and neck region malignancies, they cause frequent local recurrence and relatively great morbidity. Even the advance imaging techniques help to reach presumptive diagnosis only, whereas the histopathological diagnosis remains the main stay in arriving at definitive diagnosis. Materials and Methods: The present study was done on 92 cases of neoplastic lesions received at department of pathology, Government ENT Hospital, Hyderabad from November 2019 to October 2021 as prospective observational study. Received biopsy specimens are routinely processed, section cutting done and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin stain. All the neoplastic lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses of all age groups are included and inflammatory lesions, foreign body inclusions are excluded from the study. Results: Out of 92 neoplastic lesions, 58 cases are benign and 34 cases are malignant. Out of 92 cases, 61 patients are male and 31 patients are female. Majority of the cases are seen in 4th and 3rd decades. Among males most of the cases are seen in 4th and 5th decades whereas in females they are seen in 3rd decade. Out of 58 benign neoplastic lesions, most common cases are of lobular capillary hemangioma that represents 50% and are followed by Schneiderian papilloma representing about 29%. Out of 34 malignant neoplastic lesions, squamous cell carcinomas are the most common and represent about 41% incidence. Undifferentiated Carcinomas and Lymphoproliferative Disorders are second common with similar incidence of 12%. Conclusion: Lesions of nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses are commonly encountered in clinical practice and they give rise to a variety of histological patterns. The inflammatory and infectious conditions at these locations share overlapping features with benign and malignant lesions both clinically and radiologically, where only a presumptive diagnosis can be made. The histopathological examination remains the definitive diagnostic method for timely and accurate intervention in patient management

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