Abstract

One of the most common causes of fever associated with thrombocytopenia is Dengue which clinically presents itself in various clinical forms but mainly as bleeding tendencies. These bleeding tendencies are the warning signs of reduced platelet counts. Early and prompt intervention in these subjects helps in the reduction of mortality rates in subjects with dengue. Aim: The present clinical study was conducted to assess the bleeding tendencies in subjects with dengue fever admitted to the Indian health care Center. Methods: The present observational clinical study was done on 160 adult subjects of age more than 18 years having a diagnosis of Dengue who were assessed for bleeding tendencies. Result: Most common bleeding tendency seen in the study subjects was petechiae/rashes seen in 94.44% (n=51) subjects followed by gingival bleeding seen in 27.77% (n=15) study subjects, conjunctival suffusion in 22.22% (n=12) study subjects, epistaxis in 14.81% (n=8) study subjects, malena in 9.25% (n=5) study subjects, PR (perrectal) bleed seen in 7.40% (n=4) study subjects, and hematuria in 5.55% (n=3) study subjects respectively which was the least common bleeding tendency reported in the study subjects. Among all subjects having epistaxis 5% (n=8) were from the platelet range of <50,000 (severe) platelet counts. There were 5.62% (n=9) subjects with conjunctival effusion, 8.75% (n=14) subjects with gingival bleeding, 2.5% (n=4) subjects with PR bleed, 3.12% (n=5) subjects with malena, 1.25% (n=2) subjects with hematuria, and 24.37% (n=39) subjects with petechiae/rashes in the platelet counts of <50,000 µl. In the platelet range of 50,000-1 lakhs µl, there were 1.87% (n=3) subjects with conjunctival suffusion, 0.62% (n=1) subjet with gingival bleeding, and 7.5% (n=12) subjects with petechiae/ rashes respectively. No subject with bleeding tendencies were in the platelet counts range of ≥1 lakh. Conclusion: The present study concludes that one of the major causes of death in dengue subjects is thrombocytopenia in subjects who develop bleeding, manifestations acting as warning signs for platelet assessment, and need frequent evaluation and intervention by platelet transfusion if needed. Timely platelet transfusion in these subjects can help decrease bleeding manifestations and maintain normal platelet counts, hence, reducing mortality rates

Description

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