Abstract

India has more than 77 million Diabetic individuals. Environmental and genetic factors are involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM. Aim: to study association of paraoxonase (PON1) 55 and 192 polymorphism with type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. Methods: A cross sectional study conducted on 60 previously diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and 30 controls in the Diabetic Care and Research Center, Department of Medicine, S.P. Medical College attached to P.B.M. Associated Group of Hospitals, Bikaner. The PCR products were analysed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Specific PCR products were purified and subjected to bi-directional sequencing with primers, to identify any alteration of sequence. Results: The mean age of diabetic subjects is 53.83±11.56 years and that of non-diabetic subject is 55.6±11.27 years. in diabetic subjects PON1-L55M and PON1-Q192R polymorphism present in 46.67% and 48.33% respectively. In non-diabetic subjects PON1-L55M and PON1-Q192R polymorphism present in23.33% and 26.67% respectively. In diabetic subjects having positive PON1-L55M polymorphism and negative PON1-L55M polymorphism, we found a statistically significant difference in fasting sugar, HbA1c and lipid profile (P-value<0.05). We do not find a statistically significant correlation in PON1-L55M and PON1-Q192R polymorphism and presence of nephropathy (P-value 0.672; 1.0). We found a statistically significant correlation in positive PON1-L55M polymorphism and PON1-Q192R polymorphism and presence of retinopathy (P-value 0.0413; 0.038 respectively). In cases having neuropathy a statistically significant correlation found in positive PON1-L55M polymorphism and presence of neuropathy (P-value 0.030). Conclusion: Presence of PON1 polymorphism may reflect a reduced capacity to detoxify pro-inflammatory oxidized lipids, leading to an increased susceptibility to develop type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications

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