Abstract

Iron deficiency anaemia (IDA) is a significant public health issue, especially in infants and toddlers. Early detection is crucial for prompt intervention. This study focuses on identifying reliable biomarkers for the early diagnosis of IDA in this vulnerable age group. Objectives: The primary objective was to identify and validate effective biomarkers for iron deficiency anaemia in infants and toddlers. Additionally, the study aimed to assess the prevalence of IDA among the participants. Methods: A prospective, observational study was conducted involving 200 infants and toddlers, aged between 6 months and 3 years, from pediatric outpatient clinics. Blood samples were analyzed for iron status biomarkers including serum ferritin, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), and transferrin saturation. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analyses. Results: The study found a noticeable prevalence of IDA in the sample population. Serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels were the most effective biomarkers in detecting IDA, showing a strong correlation with the condition. MCV and transferrin saturation also provided valuable insights but to a lesser extent. Conclusion: This study highlights the importance of serum ferritin and hemoglobin levels in the early detection of iron deficiency anaemia in infants and toddlers. These findings can assist in improving clinical practices for early diagnosis and treatment of IDA. The study also underscores the need for regular screening in this age group and suggests directions for future research.

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