Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute kidney injury (AKI) are serious public health burden. Patients with advanced stage CKD and severe AKI require hemodialysis (HD). However, their clinico-etiological profile has not been compared yet. Thus, we compared the clinico-etiological and hematological profile of patients with CKD and AKI undergoing HD. Materials and Methods: This prospective, observational, cross-sectional study involved 425 adult patients with CKD (n=328) and AKI (n=97) that underwent HD, between January 2020 and June 2021, in a tertiary care hospital. Data related to clinico-demographic characteristics, and laboratory investigations were recorded. Results: Hypertension (75.9%) and sepsis (49.48%) were predominant etiological factors of CKD and AKI, respectively. The patients with CKD had significantly greater mean age (p=0.005) and BMI (p<0.0001). Significantly greater proportion of the patients with AKI had anorexia (p=0.003), breathlessness (p=0.018), nausea and vomiting (p=0.019), and icterus (p=0.002). Significantly greater proportion of the patients with CKD had impaired cognition (p=0.043), swollen feet (p=0.008), and edema feet (p=0.012). Significantly greater proportion of the patients with AKI and CKD had hyperkalemia (p=0.034) as well as 3+ proteinuria (p<0.0001); and 2+ proteinuria (p<0.0001) as well as moderate anemia (p=0.045), respectively. Conclusion: Hypertension and sepsis are predominantly implicated in CKD and AKI, respectively. CKD is significantly associated with advancing age and higher BMI. Though AKI is significantly associated with hyperkalemia and high-grade proteinuria, CKD is significantly associated with moderate-grade proteinuria and moderate anemia.

Description